[1].UndertheauspicesoftheUniversityofNanking,Buckdirec,whichappeartohavepassedunnoticed,,ed.,LandUtilizationinChina-Statistics-AStudyof16,786Farmsin168Localitiesand38,256FarmFamiliesinTwenty-twoProvincesinChina,1929-1933（Nanking:UniversityofNanking,1937）.Duringthepreparationofthisimpressivevolume,BuckwrotethenotedChineseFarmEconomy（1930）,andLandUtilizationinChina（1937）,,Bucksearlierworksarealsoimportant:AnEconomicandSocialSurveyof102FarmsnearWuhu,Anhwei,China（Nanking,1923）；AnEconomicandSocialSurveyof150Farms,YehshanCounty,Hopei,China（Nanking,1926）；andFarmOwnershipandTenancyinChina（Shanghai:NationalChristianCouncil,1927）.
Surveysbyindependentwritersaside,otherorganizationswhichhavecon-ductedsurveysincludetheDepartmentofInternalAffairs,theRealEstateBureau,theNationalGovernmentStatisticsDepartment,theExecutiveYuan,ther.
[2].Thiscanbeconvenientlydemonstratedinfigure3,（a）isobtainedbyraisingq/h,andcondition（b）byloweringf/www.youxs.org（q-f）hisdefined,
[3].Buck,ChineseFarmEconomy,www.youxs.org.
[4].ChineseNationalGovernment,ShengchingRouteEconomicReport（1931）,www.youxs.org.
[5].SeeLegislativeYuan,StatisticalMonthly（1930）,2,5；andDepartmentofInternalAffairs,PublicReportsofInternalAffairs（1932）,2,1；5,1and2.
[6].,therentalsharerestrictionenactedin1946wasamaximumof25percentoftheyieldforpaddy,and15percentforuplandfields,reflectingarecogniti,AgriculturalLandReformLegislation（Tokyo,1949）.
[7].Buck,ChineseFarmEconomy,www.youxs.org（elevenlocalitiesinChina,1921-25）,,www.youxs.org.
[8].TheseaveragesareputedfromChen,LandRentsofVariousProvincesinChina（Shanghai:CommercialPress,1936）,www.youxs.org.
[9].Theseconditionscanlikewisebedemonstratedbymovingtheq/handflhcurvesinfigure3,chapter2accordingly.
[10].,ModernKorea（NewYork:InstituteofPacificRelations,1944）.Theaveragefarmsizesareputedfromdataintable2,www.youxs.org；andthelandpricesareseenintable5,www.youxs.org.
[11].SeeBuck,LandUtilizationinChina,table23,www.youxs.org（NewYork:BookmanAssociates,1958）,p.,Statistics,,tables23and26；
[12].Buck,ChineseFarmEconomy,www.youxs.org”fair”rent.
[13].,542farmsinfifteenlocalities,sevenprovinces,erproportionofpaddyfieldsundertenancy,,seeBuck,FarmOwnershipandTenancyinChina.
[14].Bray,”FarmTenancyandProductivityinAgriculture:TheCaseoftheUnitedStates,”FoodResearchInstituteStudies（1963）,www.youxs.org:
Theresource-efficiencyargumentissomewhatacademic……Bothtenantandlandlordhaveanincentivetotrytoincreasethemarginalproductivityoftheirownresources……neitherwhollysucceeds……Forexample,alandlordssuggestionthatathirdcultivationofthecornwouldpay（atnocosttohim）maybemetwiththetenantssuggestionthatthelivingroomreallywouldbeimprovedbynewwall-paper（atnocosttohim）[ibid.,www.youxs.org].
Thelackofsignificantdi,,,”RelativeEfficienciesofFarmTenureClassesinIntrafirmResourceAllocation,”ResearchBulletin461（IowaAgriculturalandHomeEconomicsExperimentStation,November,1958）,pp.,however,tconstraintsonpetitionmighthaveaffectedresourceuseunderdifferentcontractsindifferentways.
[15].,”StatisticsofJapaneseAgriculture,”mimeographed（NewYork:InstituteofPacificRelations,1941）,table17,www.youxs.org.”able-bodiedman-units”areusedinsteadof”numberofmembersperfamily.”ForevidencefromTaiwan,seechapter7ofthisstudy.